發(fā)電機(jī)組是將其他形式的能源轉(zhuǎn)換成電能的成套機(jī)械設(shè)備，由動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)、控制系統(tǒng)、消音系統(tǒng)、減震系統(tǒng)、排氣系統(tǒng)組成，由水輪機(jī)、汽輪機(jī)、柴油機(jī)或其他動(dòng)力機(jī)械驅(qū)驅(qū)動(dòng)，將水流、氣流、燃料燃燒或原子核裂變產(chǎn)生的能量轉(zhuǎn)化為機(jī)械能傳給發(fā)電機(jī)，再由發(fā)電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)換為電能，輸出到用電設(shè)備上使用。發(fā)電機(jī)在工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)、國(guó)防、科技及日常生活中有廣泛的用途。近年來隨著技術(shù)進(jìn)步，作為家庭應(yīng)急電源及野外出行電源的優(yōu)質(zhì)選擇，輕量便攜小型發(fā)電機(jī)組也開始進(jìn)入居民的日常生活中。

柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組是由柴油機(jī)和同步交流發(fā)電機(jī)組合而成的。柴油機(jī)允許使用的最大功率受零件的機(jī)械負(fù)載和熱負(fù)載的限制，因此需規(guī)定允許連續(xù)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的最大功率稱之為標(biāo)定功率;柴油發(fā)電機(jī)不能超過標(biāo)定功率使用，否則會(huì)縮短其使用壽命，甚至可能造成事故。

柴油機(jī)的標(biāo)定功率；國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定，在柴油機(jī)銘牌上的標(biāo)定功率分為以下四類：

        1)15min功率：即柴油機(jī)允許運(yùn)行15min的最大功率。短時(shí)間內(nèi)可能超負(fù)荷運(yùn)行和要求具有加速性能的標(biāo)定功率，如汽車、摩托車等柴油機(jī)的標(biāo)定功率。 

        2)1h功率：即柴油機(jī)允許持續(xù)運(yùn)行1h的最大有效功率。如輪式拖拉機(jī)、機(jī)車、船舶等柴油機(jī)的標(biāo)定功率。 

        3)12h功率：即柴油機(jī)允許持續(xù)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)12h的最大有效功率，即我們常說的額定功率。如電站機(jī)組、工程機(jī)械用柴油機(jī)標(biāo)定功率。

       4)持續(xù)功率：即柴油機(jī)允許長(zhǎng)時(shí)間持續(xù)運(yùn)行的最大有功率。功率單位KW于KVA的關(guān)系：kw是功率的單位，一般1KVA=0.8KW，購(gòu)買時(shí)不要把kva和kw混淆。

A generator set is a complete set of mechanical equipment that converts other forms of energy into electrical energy. It consists of a power system, a control system, a noise reduction system, a shock absorption system, and an exhaust system. It is driven by water turbines, steam turbines, diesel engines, or other power machinery to convert the energy generated by water flow, air flow, fuel combustion, or nuclear fission into mechanical energy and transmit it to the generator. The generator then converts it into electrical energy and outputs it to electrical equipment for use. Generators have a wide range of applications in industrial and agricultural production, national defense, technology, and daily life. In recent years, with the advancement of technology, lightweight and portable small generator sets have also begun to enter residents' daily lives as high-quality choices for household emergency power and outdoor travel power.

A diesel generator set is composed of a diesel engine and a synchronous AC generator. The maximum power allowed for diesel engines is limited by the mechanical and thermal loads of the components, so it is necessary to specify the maximum power allowed for continuous operation, which is called the rated power; Diesel generators should not be used beyond their rated power, otherwise their service life may be shortened and accidents may even occur.

Calibration power of diesel engine; According to national standards, the calibrated power on the nameplate of a diesel engine is divided into the following four categories:

1) 15 minute power: refers to the maximum power allowed for the diesel engine to operate for 15 minutes. In a short period of time, there may be overload operation and calibration power that requires acceleration performance, such as the calibration power of diesel engines for automobiles, motorcycles, etc.

2) 1-hour power: refers to the maximum effective power that the diesel engine is allowed to operate continuously for 1 hour. Calibration power of diesel engines such as wheeled tractors, locomotives, and ships.

3) 12h power: refers to the maximum effective power that the diesel engine is allowed to operate continuously for 12 hours, which is commonly known as the rated power. Calibration power of diesel engines for power plant units and construction machinery.

4) Continuous power: refers to the maximum power that a diesel engine is allowed to operate continuously for a long time. The relationship between power unit KW and KVA: KW is the unit of power, generally 1KVA=0.8KW. When purchasing, do not confuse KVA with KW.